The wheel is probably the most impo

The wheel is probably the most important mechanical invention of all time. Nearly every machine built since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution involves a single, basic principle embodied in one of mankind’s truly significant inventions. It’s hard to imagine any mechanized system that would be possible without the wheel or the idea of a symmetrical component moving in a circular motion on an axis. From tiny watch gears to automobiles, jet engines and computer disk drives, the principle is the same.Photo courtesy www.ohm.com

Based on diagrams on ancient clay tablets, the earliest known use of this essential invention was a potter’s wheel that was used at Ur in Mesopotamia (part of modern day Iraq} as early as 3500 BC. The first use of the wheel for transportation was probably on Mesopotamian chariots in 3200 BC. It is interesting to note that wheels may have had industrial or manufacturing applications before they were used on vehicles.
A wheel with spokes first appeared on Egyptian chariots around 2000 BC, and wheels seem to have developed in Europe by 1400 BC without any influence from the Middle East. Because the idea of the wheel appears so simple, it’s easy to assume that the wheel would have simply "happened" in every culture when it reached a particular level of sophistication. However, this is not the case. The great Inca, Aztec and Maya civilizations reached an extremely high level of development, yet they never used the wheel. In fact, there is no evidence that the use of the wheel existed among native people anywhere in the Western Hemisphere until well after contact with Europeans.
Even in Europe, the wheel evolved little until the beginning of the nineteenth century. However, with the coming of the Industrial Revolution the wheel became the central component of technology, and came to be used in thousands of ways in countless different mechanisms.

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Die wiel is waarskynlik die belangrikste meganiese uitvinding van alle tye. Byna elke masjien wat sedert die begin van die Industriële Revolusie behels 'n enkele, basiese beginsel vervat in een van baie belangrike uitvindings mensdom se. Dit is moeilik om 'n gemeganiseerde stelsel wat sonder die wiel of die idee van 'n simmetriese komponent beweeg in 'n sirkel beweging op 'n as moontlik sou wees dink. Van klein horlosie ratte om motors, jet enjins en rekenaar skyfaandrywers, die beginsel is die same.Photo vergunning www.ohm.com

Op grond van diagramme op antieke kleitablette, die vroegste bekende gebruik van hierdie noodsaaklike uitvinding was wiel 'n pottebakker wat gebruik by Ur in Mesopotamië (deel van die hedendaagse Irak} so vroeg as 3500 vC. die eerste gebruik van die wiel vir vervoer was waarskynlik op Mesopotamiese waens in 3200 vC. Dit is interessant om daarop te let dat wiele industriële of vervaardiging aansoeke voordat hulle mag gehad het gebruik op voertuie.
'n wiel met speke die eerste keer verskyn op Egiptiese waens rondom 2000 vC, en wiele lyk in Europa teen 1400 vC ontwikkel het sonder enige invloed van die Midde-Ooste. Omdat die idee van die wiel verskyn so eenvoudig nie, dit is maklik om te aanvaar dat die wiel sal net "gebeur" in elke kultuur wanneer dit 'n bepaalde vlak van sofistikasie bereik het. dit is egter nie die geval nie. die groot Inca, Aztec en Maya beskawings bereik 'n baie hoë vlak van ontwikkeling, maar hulle het nooit gebruik die wiel. Trouens, daar is geen bewyse dat die gebruik van die wiel bestaan ​​onder inheemse mense oral in die Westelike Halfrond tot goed ná kontak met Europeërs.
Selfs in Europa, die wiel ontwikkel bietjie tot aan die begin van die negentiende eeu. Maar met die koms van die Industriële Revolusie die wiel is die sentrale komponent van tegnologie, en het om gebruik te word in duisende maniere talle verskillende meganismes.