This research sought to understand the main characteristics of literacy in the early years, this research has direct contact with the literacy in the probationary period, as well as some subjects of the course of pedagogy for example: literacy, where we have had more contact with the theories of Emilia Ferreiro and ana teberosky. Contact which instigated the look for a theoretical study and practical on the subject. To develop this monographic work was bibliographical research qualitative several authors who have written on the subject, emphasizing the educational practice in the teaching process alphabetic and meaningful learning for children in the early years, based on the researches is discussed about the importance of reading and writing for life. Of a person, because the reading increases the degree of knowledge, promotes understanding, reflection and criticism of the human being, the writing allows the same can externalize the knowledge already acquired, expose their feelings and thoughts. The study reflects on the conceptions of teaching about letrando, highlights some of the dynamic procedures of practical teaching of teaching reading and writing for children in the perspective of literacy and literacy, it is also presented the problems and learning difficulties that arise in the process of literacy, and that shall be observed and treated as soon as possible, without let that affect school development of the students, describes a little from the action teaching evaluate this procedure of teaching. It is concluded that the thematic study has much to offer the academic formation and reflect on the actions teachers working in the literacy process, systematic in order to better child development in the teaching of reading and writing in the context of education and social.
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