although vampiric entities have been recorded in many cultures, possibly indented as in times as prehistory, 7 the term vampire only became popular in the early nineteenth century, after an influx of vampire superstition in Western Europe, coming from areas where legends about vampires were frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe,8 although local variants are also known for other designations, comovrykolakas strigoi in Greece and in Romania. this increase of vampire superstition naeuropa led to mass hysteria, resulting in some cases in drilling cuttings with corpses and accusations of vampirism.
although even vampires Balkan folklore and Eastern Europe have a wide range of physical appearances, ranging from nearly human to bodies in an advanced state of decomposition, was in 1819, with the success of the novel john polidori the vampyre, which established the archetype of charismatic and sophisticated vampire;what can be considered the most influential vampire work of the early nineteenth century, inspiring such works as 9 varney the vampire and eventually drácula.10
It is, however, the 1897 novel of Bram Stoker, Dracula, which endures as the fifth essence of literature about vampires and that generated the basis of modern fiction on the subject.
Dracula was inspired by earlier mythologies of werewolves and similar legendary demons and other "gave voice to the anxieties of an era" and the "fears of Victorian patriarchy" .11
success of this book led to a distinctive vampire genre, still popular in twenty-first century, with books, films, video games and television programs.the vampire is a figure so dominant in the horror genre that literary historian Susan Sellers places the current vampire myth in the "comparative safety of the fantastic [existing] in nightmares" 11
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